Military governments in West Africa withdraw from ECOWAS

Wednesday 29 January 2025 - 14:34

The military-led governments of Niger, Mali, and Burkina Faso have formally exited the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), marking a significant shift in regional politics. The regional bloc, headquartered in Nigeria, confirmed their withdrawal in a statement on Wednesday, finalizing a process that began in January 2024.

This decision comes amid escalating tensions, driven by military coups, conflicts with armed groups, and geopolitical rivalry between Russia and Western nations. ECOWAS had urged the return of democratic governance in Niger following its 2023 coup, prompting the three nations to announce their intention to leave.

Despite efforts to prevent the split, ECOWAS stated that it remains open to future cooperation in the spirit of regional unity. It also called on its remaining members to continue extending economic and travel privileges to the citizens of the departing countries.

Founded in 1975, ECOWAS has played a key role in addressing political, economic, and security challenges across West Africa. However, a wave of military takeovers and increasing foreign influence have put the bloc under strain.

In response to their withdrawal, thousands of people demonstrated in Niger and Burkina Faso, expressing support for their governments' decision. In Burkina Faso’s capital, the Prime Minister and other officials publicly endorsed the move, emphasizing the desire to break free from foreign influence.

The three nations have accused ECOWAS of aligning with France’s interests and have instead strengthened ties with Russia. In September, they formed the Alliance of Sahel States, a security pact aimed at countering insurgencies and external threats.

For years, armed groups linked to al-Qaeda and ISIL (ISIS) have carried out violent attacks across the region, further complicating the security landscape. With ECOWAS losing three key members, West Africa faces a period of political uncertainty and shifting alliances.