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Meta Reports Modest Impact of AI on Global Elections in 2024

Wednesday 04 December 2024 - 09:36

Despite widespread concerns that artificial intelligence (AI) might have a significant influence on global elections, Meta, the US technology giant, has reported only modest effects across its platforms in 2024. Meta attributed this minimal impact to various defensive measures, particularly those designed to block coordinated networks of accounts, or bots, from influencing public opinion on platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, and Threads.

Nick Clegg, Meta’s president of global affairs, highlighted that AI-generated content, including deepfake videos and manipulated audio of political candidates, had not fooled the public. According to Clegg, actors involved in disinformation campaigns failed to evade Meta's detection systems. "I don't think the use of generative AI was a particularly effective tool for them to evade our trip wires," he remarked.

Throughout 2024, Meta set up multiple election operations centers worldwide, monitoring content issues across several countries, including the United States, Brazil, India, and the European Union. The company disrupted around 20 covert influence operations, primarily originating from Russia, Iran, and China. Since 2017, Meta has taken down numerous networks associated with disinformation, with Russia being the top source of these operations.

Although the election year of 2024 saw more than 2 billion people voting globally, Clegg emphasized that the influence of AI-driven misinformation was relatively low. He stated, "Any such impact was modest and limited in scope." For example, Meta rejected nearly 590,000 requests to generate political images in the lead-up to the US elections.

Meta’s swift action in addressing AI-created misinformation was in line with broader concerns over the potential for AI to disrupt democratic processes. However, despite these efforts, other platforms, particularly TikTok, have emerged as new battlegrounds for disinformation, with reports of fake AI-generated videos circulating on those platforms.

In the United States, surveys showed that many Americans were skeptical about AI's role in elections, with nearly eight times as many respondents expecting AI to be used for negative purposes rather than positive ones. Meta itself has been at the center of criticism, accused of both censoring certain viewpoints and failing to prevent online abuses.

In response to this, Meta has reiterated its commitment to ensuring that its platforms are used for positive purposes, such as guiding users to legitimate information about candidates and voting procedures. However, the company does not allow content that speculates on election-related corruption or irregularities, particularly when combined with threatening language.

While AI-driven misinformation did not have the catastrophic impact that some feared, it remains a challenge for social media platforms, particularly as governments and companies alike strive to manage its potential risks. In the US, debates around the role of social media companies in moderating content have intensified, with some lawmakers accusing Meta of censorship. Meta has acknowledged the pushback and vowed to improve its content moderation efforts, aiming for greater precision in its enforcement of rules.

In summary, while AI did contribute to some level of misinformation during the 2024 elections, the impact was largely controlled. Meta’s proactive measures to combat disinformation, combined with its global monitoring efforts, helped mitigate the potential risks associated with AI in political campaigns. As the technology continues to evolve, social media platforms and governments will likely remain at the forefront of addressing the challenges posed by AI in the context of elections.