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Environment

Mexico's Climate Reckoning: Submerged Homes and Scorching Heatwaves

Tuesday 28 May 2024 - 17:10

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In the southern Mexican state of Tabasco, a sobering reality unfolds: a community once thriving now stands in ruins, slowly being consumed by the relentless advance of the sea. This haunting sight serves as a visceral reminder of the escalating climate crisis that Mexico, a major fossil fuel producer, finds itself grappling with.

Adrian Perez, a 24-year-old resident of El Bosque, can't help but feel a profound sense of loss as he passes the dilapidated school where he once attended classes. "It's hard. I studied there and look at what it became," he laments, his voice tinged with frustration. "The climate's destroying us."

But rising sea levels are not the only manifestation of climate change that Mexico is contending with. This year, the country has been gripped by unprecedented heatwaves, sending temperatures soaring across vast swaths of its territory, including Tabasco itself. This climatic upheaval has ignited an urgent debate on the nation's environmental policies, particularly as it heads into a pivotal presidential election on June 2.

According to Greenpeace, the environmental advocacy group, El Bosque holds the distinction of being the first community in Mexico to be officially recognized as displaced due to climate change. In February, the Tabasco state congress approved the relocation of El Bosque's residents, a decision that underscores the gravity of the situation.

"We hear about climate change all the time, but we never thought that it would come to us," laments Cristy Echeverria, a 34-year-old resident who has lost her home to the encroaching waters.

The World Meteorological Organization's sobering assessment reveals that ocean warming, coupled with the melting of glaciers and ice sheets, has propelled global sea levels to record highs in the previous year.

El Bosque, once home to some 700 people, is situated on a small peninsula jutting out into the Gulf of Mexico – a region where offshore rigs extract the very oil and gas that have fueled Latin America's second-largest economy for decades. Ironically, just down the coast, the outgoing administration of President Andrés Manuel López Obrador has constructed a massive new oil refinery in Tabasco, a cornerstone of his quest for energy self-sufficiency.

Yet, Tabasco itself has been among the regions hardest hit by this year's blistering heatwaves, with temperatures soaring to a staggering 40 degrees Celsius (104 degrees Fahrenheit). Across the country, 48 heat-related deaths have been recorded since March, according to government figures.

Even Mexico City, traditionally known for its temperate climate due to its high altitude, shattered records this past Saturday, reaching an unprecedented 34.7°C (94.46°F).

The intense heat, compounded by below-normal rainfall last year, has stoked fears of worsening water shortages. The average annual availability of water per capita in Mexico has already plummeted by a staggering 68 percent since 1960, according to data from the Mexican Institute of Competitiveness.

Despite mounting international pressure to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, López Obrador has remained steadfast in his promotion of fossil fuel production throughout his six-year term, driven by a pursuit of energy independence.

As Mexico grapples with the tangible consequences of climate change, from submerged homes to scorching heatwaves, the nation finds itself at a crossroads. The cries of communities like El Bosque serve as a clarion call for decisive action, while the nation's energy policies continue to fuel the very crisis they seek to mitigate. Mexico's climate reckoning has arrived, and the choices made today will shape the nation's environmental future for generations to come.