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Spain lifts blood donation ban on Brits over 'mad cow disease' concerns
Spain has officially lifted a decades-long blood donation ban on British nationals and former UK residents who lived in the country during the mad cow disease outbreak. The decision marks a turning point in the country’s public health policy, coming nearly 30 years after the crisis.
Easing restrictions after decades
The Spanish Health Ministry announced the removal of the ban, which applied to individuals who had lived in the United Kingdom between 1980 and 1996. The move follows recommendations by the Scientific Committee for Transfusion Safety, opening Spain's blood donation system to tens of thousands of additional donors, particularly in regions with significant British populations such as Alicante and the Balearic Islands.
This update aligns with changing international perspectives on the risk associated with mad cow disease, or bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE). While BSE was first identified in 1986, its link to human cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) was confirmed in 1996, prompting strict blood donation restrictions globally.
The science behind the decision
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, a rare and fatal brain disorder, was linked to the consumption of beef from BSE-infected cattle. During the UK outbreak, 178 people died, and millions of cattle were culled to contain the disease. At the time, scientists believed the disease could be transmitted via blood transfusion, leading to bans in multiple countries for residents of the UK during the outbreak years.
However, recent studies have significantly downgraded the risk of transmission through blood. Australian experts estimate the likelihood of contracting vCJD from a donor at less than 1 in 1.5 million per blood sample, making the risk virtually negligible.
A boost for blood donation in Spain
The decision is expected to bolster blood donation efforts in Spain, where British residents make up a notable portion of the population in some regions. For example, in the Balearic Islands, nearly 20,000 British nationals reside, and the previous restrictions had reportedly excluded a significant number of potential donors.
Dr. Cristina Arbona Castaño, a spokesperson for the Spanish Society of Haematology and Haemotherapy, emphasized the importance of this policy shift, particularly given the evolving scientific understanding of the disease.
Remaining restrictions
Despite this major policy change, Spain maintains other restrictions on blood donation. Individuals on certain medications, those with anemia, recent surgical patients, and pregnant women are still prohibited from donating blood.
This decision represents a step forward in ensuring a robust and inclusive blood donation system while maintaining public health safeguards.
