Redefining Boundaries: Biden's Strategic Shift on Ukraine's Counterstrikes
President Joe Biden has authorized Ukraine to conduct limited strikes within Russian territory, marking a strategic shift in the conflict's dynamics. The permission comes with constraints, allowing Kyiv to target specific areas near Kharkiv, following significant Russian advancements in northeastern Ukraine, near the Russian border.
A US official disclosed to CNN, "The president recently directed his team to ensure that Ukraine is able to use US-supplied weapons for counterfire purposes in Kharkiv so Ukraine can hit back at Russian forces hitting them or preparing to hit them."
This relaxation of restrictions represents a departure from longstanding policy, influenced by mounting international pressure from close US allies. However, the authorization is confined to the Kharkiv region, as Ukraine has not sought permission for operations beyond that area, and the US does not foresee broadening the approved zone.
Kyiv's request to revise US policy emerged in response to recent Russian advances, according to the official. US-supplied artillery and rockets can now target Russian forces, ammunition depots, and logistical hubs across the border from Kharkiv in western Russia.
However, Ukraine remains barred from utilizing its most potent munition, the long-range missiles known as ATACMS, capable of striking targets up to 200 miles (300 kilometers) away, against Russian territory.
Ukraine has been authorized to deploy US anti-aircraft weapons to neutralize the imminent threat posed by Russian aircraft operating in Ukrainian and Russian airspace. Nevertheless, this prohibition prevents Ukraine from targeting Russian aircraft grounded within Russia.
Secretary of State Antony Blinken signaled a potential shift in the administration's stance, stating that the US could "adapt and adjust" its position.
"A hallmark of US support for Ukraine has been to adapt as conditions change...we've adapted and adjusted too," Blinken stated during a visit to Moldova. "I am confident we will continue to do that."
Key European leaders indicated a shift in position, with French President Emmanuel Macron stating that French weapons sent to Ukraine, including long-range missiles, could target bases inside Russia.
"Ukrainian soil is being attacked from bases in Russia...if we tell them you are not allowed to hit the point from which the missiles are fired?" Macron queried.
German Chancellor Olaf Scholz echoed Macron's sentiments, emphasizing Ukraine's right to self-defense within the conditions set by weapon-supplying countries and international law.
Initial limitations on Ukrainian strikes into Russian territory with US weaponry were driven by concerns about escalating the conflict. However, after Ukrainian appeals, evolving European stances, and quiet NATO encouragement, the US moved to reconsider its position.
During Blinken's recent visit to Ukraine, Ukrainian officials directly requested permission to strike targets inside Russia's borders, reaffirming the US commitment to bolster Ukraine's deterrence and defense capabilities.
According to US officials, National Security Adviser Jake Sullivan, Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin, and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff C.Q. Brown recommended to Biden the amendment of US policy shortly after Russia's offensive began on May 10.
On May 13, during a secure video conference, the trio, along with the head of US European Command, Gen. Christopher Cavoli, concluded that lifting US restrictions would enable Ukrainian forces to target the staging areas from which Russia launched attacks on Kharkiv.
Despite NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg's private advocacy for expanded support to Ukraine, the US policy change did not immediately materialize. Stoltenberg publicly emphasized the importance of allowing Ukraine to defend itself without constraints.
"To deny Ukraine the possibility of using these weapons against legitimate military targets on Russian territory makes it very hard for them to defend themselves," Stoltenberg remarked.
In this pivotal shift, the Biden administration strategically redefines the conflict's boundaries, empowering Ukraine to conduct limited strikes within Russian territory while reaffirming its commitment to supporting Ukraine's self-defense efforts.