Finland urges US to avoid calling Ukraine commitments 'like Article 5'

Thursday 05 - 17:20

By: Dakir Madiha

Finland urges US to avoid calling Ukraine commitments 'like Article 5'

Finland has quietly pressed the United States not to describe potential future security commitments to Ukraine as similar to NATO's Article 5, warning such language risks undermining the alliance's core collective defense principle, according to a State Department cable obtained by Politico.

Finnish Foreign Minister Elina Valtonen raised these concerns in mid-January talks with members of the U.S. House Armed Services Committee, including Representative Jack Bergman, the cable reveals. Valtonen cautioned against "any assumption regarding security guarantees similar to the fifth article" and stressed maintaining what she called a "protective barrier" between NATO's mutual defense pledge and bilateral promises to Ukraine.

The Finnish intervention reflects growing concern among some alliance members that framing bespoke Ukraine security arrangements as "like Article 5" could inadvertently dilute the deterrent power of NATO's foundational commitment: an armed attack against one member is an attack against all.

Defense Minister Antti Häkkänen echoed the foreign minister's stance, emphasizing Ukraine security guarantee talks must consider Europe's broader security architecture. Finland, sharing a 1,340-kilometer border with Russia and joining NATO in April 2023 after decades of military non-alignment, has keen interest in preserving NATO commitment clarity.

Prime Minister Petteri Orpo stated in December 2025 Finland won't offer formal security guarantees to Ukraine, drawing a sharp line between guarantees and "security arrangements." "The difference is huge," Orpo said at a press conference alongside Swedish Prime Minister Ulf Kristersson.

The warning comes as a second round of U.S.-mediated Ukraine-Russia peace talks wrapped this week in Abu Dhabi, led by U.S. envoy Steve Witkoff and Jared Kushner. Since August 2025, the Trump administration floated proposals including "Article 5-style" guarantees for Ukraine, obligating the U.S. and European allies to treat future Russian attacks as threats to the "transatlantic community."

Experts caution using NATO's most sacred terminology outside the alliance carries risks. Former NATO official Edward Wrong warned such language could imply full alliance involvement that doesn't exist, potentially tempting Moscow to test what these guarantees truly mean.

Finland's position highlights a broader European dilemma: while consensus exists that postwar Ukraine needs robust security guarantees, NATO frontline states remain wary of arrangements blurring lines between allied solidarity and the absolute collective defense they rely on for protection.