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Mozambique Police Clash with Protesters Over Election Disputes
On Thursday, Mozambican police used tear gas to disperse thousands of demonstrators in Maputo, marking the largest protest yet against the ruling Frelimo party, which was declared the winner of a contested election held on October 9. The demonstration followed increasing public anger over the election results, which saw Frelimo extend its nearly five-decade rule. Human rights organizations report at least 18 deaths resulting from the ongoing police crackdown on protests.
The election was highly contentious, with independent candidate Venancio Mondlane, supported largely by younger voters, claiming the vote was rigged. Mondlane has actively encouraged protests against the outcome. Demonstrators voiced their anger with slogans such as "Power to the people" and "Frelimo must fall," blocking streets with burning tires and displaying homemade signs backing Mondlane.
Julia Macamo, a 55-year-old street vendor and mother of six, described her shock after inhaling tear gas while protesting in the Maxaquene district. "If we don’t act now, nothing will change," she said. "It’s time for Frelimo to go."
Adriano Nuvunga, director of the Centre for Democracy and Human Rights in Mozambique, noted that the country had never witnessed such large-scale demonstrations. Both civil society groups and international observers have criticized the election, alleging it was unfair and that the results were manipulated. Frelimo has consistently denied any wrongdoing in previous elections. The party did not respond to requests for comment.
President Filipe Nyusi has remained silent since the protests intensified. Meanwhile, the country’s defense minister has threatened to deploy the military and warned against any attempts to seize power.
The official certification of the election results has not yet been completed by Mozambique’s Constitutional Council, a process typically requiring up to two months. On Tuesday, the council ordered the electoral commission to address discrepancies in the vote counts for the presidential, legislative, and provincial elections, as reported by Reuters.
Economic frustration is widespread among Mozambicans, with many pointing to the country's wealth in natural resources while struggling with limited opportunities. Major foreign investments, such as gas projects by TotalEnergies and ExxonMobil, have been hindered by ongoing Islamist insurgencies in the north.
"We must act now for the future of the next generation," said Jessica Muando, a 22-year-old student and social activist. "We are ready to face the risks."
Due to security concerns, South Africa has closed its main border crossing with Mozambique and has advised its citizens to avoid non-essential travel. South African logistics firm Grindrod has suspended port and terminal operations in the country as of Thursday.