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Greece's rail disaster: A result of longstanding safety failures

Thursday 27 February 2025 - 17:30

An inquiry has determined that the fatal rail disaster in Greece in 2023, which claimed the lives of 57 people, was caused by long-standing safety deficiencies that remain unresolved. The investigation, led by the National Aviation Investigation Agency and Railway Accidents and Transportation Safety (HARSIA), is the first official report by Greek authorities on the tragic collision that occurred near Larissa on February 28, 2023, when a passenger train and a freight train collided head-on.

The incident, which sparked public outrage and protests, also led to accusations of a cover-up by authorities. A large fireball and an explosion followed the crash, and HARSIA's report indicated that while most victims died in the crash itself, up to seven were killed by the fire. The report suggested the presence of an "unknown fuel" at the crash site, while a prior inquiry funded by the victims' families had pointed to the freight train carrying an unreported load of explosive chemicals. However, Hellenic Train, the operator of the freight train, denied any knowledge of illegal cargo.

HARSIA’s report highlighted the impact of severe cuts during the 2009-2018 economic crisis, which greatly weakened the Greek rail network, both in terms of staffing and resources. The Greek Railways Organisation (OSE) was also criticized for pushing its operational staff beyond sustainable limits. Furthermore, Hellenic Train was found lacking in essential ongoing safety training, especially in safety-related communications.

The inquiry recommended 17 measures aimed at improving safety and operational practices for the railway sector. A judicial investigation into the incident is still ongoing and is expected to conclude later this year. The second anniversary of the tragedy will be marked by widespread strikes and protests both in Greece and internationally.